Indonesia under President Prabowo Subianto has undergone further democratic backsliding, crackdowns on protests, media censorship, and intimidation of activists. In January 2026, the government began to use the country’s new criminal code, which contains provisions that do not meet international human rights standards and risk the rights of women, religious minorities, and LGBT people. The military’s enhanced security operations against Papuan separatists has led to increased abuses, while all six Papuan provinces remain off-limits for international journalists and human rights observers. The Prabowo administration expanded a “food estate” project in South Papua, clearing nearly three million hectares of forests, displacing Indigenous communities, forcibly taking customary lands, threatening biodiversity, and using the military to suppress dissent.

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